European SecOps architectures using open source¶
Core objectives¶
Threat detection and response: Spot and react to incidents fast.
Intelligence-driven operations: Use structured threat intelligence for context.
Compliance and auditability: Meet GDPR and EU data sovereignty rules.
Automation without overreach: Reduce repetitive work, keep humans in the loop.
Core components¶
A. Security Information and Event Management (SIEM)¶
Wazuh: Log collection, integrity monitoring, alerting, and compliance.
Alternative EU-friendly options: OSSEC, ELK stack (Elastic only if hosted self-managed in EU).
Function: Centralised log analysis, correlation rules, automated alert generation.
B. Threat Intelligence Platform¶
MISP (Malware Information Sharing Platform):
Central hub for structured threat intelligence (IOCs, campaigns, TTPs).
Supports collaboration with EU CERTs and peer organisations.
Function: Feed alerts and enrich log events in SIEM, automate IOC ingestion.
C. Security Orchestration, Automation, and Response (SOAR)¶
TheHive + Cortex (European-friendly open source SOAR):
TheHive: Case management, incident tracking, workflow enforcement.
Cortex: Automated enrichment of observables (IP, hash, domain) using MISP and other sources.
Function: Triage, automate repetitive enrichment, provide auditable workflows.
D. Endpoint Detection and Response (EDR)¶
Wazuh agents on endpoints and servers:
Collect file integrity, rootkit detection, log events.
Send alerts to Wazuh manager, integrate with SOAR for automated response.
E. Network Security Monitoring¶
Zeek (Bro) for network traffic analysis.
Optional European-friendly IDS: Suricata.
Function: Detect lateral movement, suspicious traffic, anomalies. Feed into SIEM.
F. Vulnerability Management¶
OpenVAS / Greenbone:
Regular scans, EU-hosted CVE data.
Feed findings into TheHive for prioritised remediation actions.
G. Automation & Orchestration Layer¶
Ansible / StackStorm for procedural response tasks:
Blocking IPs, quarantining endpoints, enriching logs.
Controlled by SOAR workflows.
H. Dashboards & Reporting¶
Wazuh Kibana dashboards, Grafana visualisation.
Compliance reports, SOC/SIRT KPIs, MISP enrichment stats.
Data flows (high-level)¶
Endpoints and network devices → Wazuh / Zeek / Suricata → SIEM.
SIEM events → Correlation engine → Alerts → TheHive (cases).
Cases → Cortex → MISP enrichment → Update case context.
SOAR automation → Ansible/StackStorm → Response actions (containment, notifications).
Vulnerability scans → OpenVAS → TheHive → Remediation tickets.
Dashboards → SOC/SIRT review → Continuous improvement loop.
Integration highlights¶
Wazuh ↔ MISP: Automated IOC enrichment.
TheHive ↔ Cortex ↔ MISP: Rapid observable enrichment and response.
OpenVAS ↔ TheHive: Automated ticketing for patchable vulnerabilities.
Zeek / Suricata ↔ Wazuh: Centralised alert correlation.
Considerations¶
Self-hosted only to stay GDPR compliant.
Data localisation: Keep MISP, logs, and dashboards within EU jurisdictions.
Strong access control: Role-based permissions in Wazuh, TheHive, and MISP.
Encryption at rest & in transit (TLS 1.3 for all internal comms).
Open-source support via European communities to avoid vendor lock-in.
Suggested deployment pattern¶
Core SIEM & SOAR: On-premises or EU cloud (private cloud).
MISP instance: On-premises, with federated sharing (peer orgs only).
Endpoint agents: On corporate endpoints and servers.
Network sensors: Inline or tap mode, minimal latency.
Automation nodes: Isolated network segment, controlled playbooks.
Examples¶
Small organisation SecOps stack: 1–50 employees, limited IT staff, low budget, but still wants structured security.
Medium organisation SecOps stack: Scope: 50–500 employees, dedicated IT/Security staff, need more visibility and automation.